W3C

RDF Test Cases

W3C Recommendation 10 February 2004

This Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-testcases-20040210/
Latest Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-testcases/
Previous Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/PR-rdf-testcases-20031215/
Editors:
Jan Grant, (ILRT, University of Bristol)
Dave Beckett, (ILRT, University of Bristol)
Series editor:
Brian McBride (Hewlett Packard Labs)

Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections.

See also translations.


Abstract

This document describes the RDF Test Cases deliverable for the RDF Core Working Group as defined in the Working Group's Charter.

Status of this Document

This document has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested parties, and it has been endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.

This is one document in a set of six (Primer, Concepts, Syntax, Semantics, Vocabulary, and Test Cases) intended to jointly replace the original Resource Description Framework specifications, RDF Model and Syntax (1999 Recommendation) and RDF Schema (2000 Candidate Recommendation). It has been developed by the RDF Core Working Group as part of the W3C Semantic Web Activity (Activity Statement, Group Charter) for publication on 10 February 2004.

Changes to this document since the Proposed Recommendation Working Draft are detailed in the change log.

The public is invited to send comments to www-rdf-comments@w3.org (archive) and to participate in general discussion of related technology on www-rdf-interest@w3.org (archive).

A list of implementations is available.

The W3C maintains a list of any patent disclosures related to this work.

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.

Table of Contents


1. Introduction

One of the deliverables specified in Charter of the RDF Core Working Group is: a set of machine-processable test cases corresponding to technical issues addressed by the Working Group. This document describes the test cases that fulfill that deliverable but it does not contain the test cases themselves. The test cases are available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/.

The RDF Interest Group and other members of the RDF community have identified issues/ambiguities in the [RDFMS] Specification and the [RDF-SCHEMA] Candidate Recommendation. These issues have been collected and categorized in the RDF Core Working Group Issue Tracking document. The RDF Core Working Group uses this issue list to guide its work. The issues list is a working document; it is updated as new issues are identified. It is updated as the Working Group makes decisions as documented in the Attention Developers section of the document.

The complete specification of RDF consists of a number of documents:

1.1. Scope

A comprehensive and complete test suite for RDF should cover all of the rules in the Formal Grammar for RDF. The Working Group, however, is not chartered to deliver such a test suite but rather to create test cases for the issues the Working Group addresses (when applicable). Although the Working Group will not create test cases for some grammar rules (e.g. rule [6.1]), if such test cases are donated to the W3C the Consortium may add such test cases to this set of test cases.

1.2. RDF Errata

The RDF Errata documents known errors in [RDFMS]. Since errata are considered normative changes to a W3C Specification and Working Group decisions are not normative until a specification is a W3C Recommendation, none of the decisions made by the RDF Core Working Group have (to date) been reflected in the errata.

2. Test Cases

The Test Case Repository [REPOSITORY] contains subdirectories, each containing test cases devoted to a single issue. Each directory contains a manifest file describing the tests in that directory. Where an issue originated with the RDF Issue Tracking process [ISSUES], the manifest will indicate this fact.

The Test Case Repository contains ZIP files of all Approved test cases [APPROVED] as well as a ZIP archive of all Approved and Not Approved test cases [FULLTESTS]

The Manifest file [MANIFEST] contains a machine-readable manifest of the test cases. The format of this file is described below.

2.1. Organization

The manifest file [MANIFEST] contains a machine-readable description of the test cases in RDF/XML. Care has been taken to ensure that this file follows a simple format to assist in machine-processing the test cases.

The file consists of a simple header [MANIFEST-HEAD], individual descriptions of the test cases, and a closing footer [MANIFEST-TAIL].

The test cases are divided into the following categories:

Positive Parser Tests
These tests consist of one (or more) input documents in RDF/XML as is revised in [RDF-SYNTAX]. The expected result is defined using the N-Triples syntax (Section 3). A parser is considered to pass the test if it produces a graph equivalent to the graph described by the N-triples output document, according to the definition of graph equivalence given in [RDF-CONCEPTS]. Where the input document(s) are legal RDF/XML, but a warning may be generated, this is indicated in the test manifest.
<test:PositiveParserTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001">

   <test:issue rdf:resource="http://w3.example.org/rdf-tracking/#example1" />
   <test:status>APPROVED</test:status>
   <test:approval rdf:resource="http://rdfcore.example.org/archives/001.html" />
   <test:description>
    This is a simple positive parser test example.
   </test:description>

   <test:inputDocument>
      <test:RDF-XML-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001.rdf" />
   </test:inputDocument>

   <test:outputDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001.nt" />
   </test:outputDocument>

   <test:warning>Some parsers may produce a warning when running this test</test:warning>

</test:PositiveParserTest>
Negative Parser Tests
These tests consist of one input document. The document is not legal RDF/XML. A parser is considered to pass the test if it correctly holds the input document to be in error.
<test:NegativeParserTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/error001">

   <test:issue rdf:resource="http://w3.example.org/rdf-tracking/#example1" />
   <test:status>APPROVED</test:status>

   <test:inputDocument>
      <test:RDF-XML-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/error001.rdf" />
   </test:inputDocument>

</test:NegativeParserTest>
Positive Entailment Tests
These tests are specified by one or more premise documents (in RDF/XML or N-Triples) together with a single conclusion document. In addition, the rules used for determining entailment are specified by test:entailmentRules elements. If the following is present
 <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
then the test succeeds if the entailment holds according to the rules of RDF-entailment as specified in [RDF-SEMANTICS]. If the following two elements are present
<test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
<test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />
     
then the test succeeds if the entailment holds according to the rules of RDFS-entailment as specified in [RDF-SEMANTICS]. For test cases that use simple entailment, the following marker is used:
<test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/testSchema#simpleEntailment" />
     
<test:PositiveEntailmentTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/conjunction-test">

   <test:description>
    This test demonstrates the conjunctive nature of range and domain.
   </test:description>

   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test003.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test004.nt" />
   </test:conclusionDocument>

</test:PositiveEntailmentTest>

According to [RDF-SEMANTICS], a premise document that contains a semantic error with respect to any constraints imposed by the entailment rules selected will be false in any interpretation (and hence entail anything).

Support for such situations is provided by the manifest format by declaring an premise or conclusion pseudo-document as follows:

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:False-Document/>
   </test:conclusionDocument>

By convention, such a pseudo-document is said to come out false under any interpretation.

Negative Entailment Tests
These tests are specified using a similar structure to the Positive Entailment Tests, with the <test:NegativeEntailmentTest> element used instead of the <test:PositiveEntailmentTest>. The test is failed if the conclusion can be drawn from the premises using the rules of RDF- or RDFS-entailment. The test is considered to be passed when it can be conclusively demonstrated that the conclusion cannot be so drawn. In practice, the test may be considered to be passed when a thorough attempt to fail the test is unable to achieve failure.
<test:NegativeEntailmentTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001">

   <test:status>PENDING</test:status>
   <test:approval rdf:resource="http://rdfcore.example.org/Archives/Public/w3c-rdfcore-wg/2002Feb/0476.html" />
   <test:description>
     RDF Core WG RESOLVED that a reified statement was a stating, not a statement.
     The following entailment does not, therefore, hold.
   </test:description>

   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001a.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001b.nt" />
   </test:conclusionDocument>

</test:NegativeEntailmentTest>
Datatype-aware entailment tests
Entailment test cases may, in addition, require datatype support. Such a requirement is indicated in the manifest by the presence of the following test:entailmentRules element, followed by zero or more test:datatypeSupport entries.
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/datatypes#" />
   <test:datatypeSupport rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer" />
   <test:datatypeSupport rdf:resource="http://dt.example.org/datatype#foo" />
For the purposes of the test suite, if a test case requires datatype support for a set of datatypes, { T, U, V, ... } then the following three pieces of machinery are required:
Miscellaneous Tests
This manifest entry is used to describe test cases that do not fall into one of the earlier categories. It may have several associated files, indicated in <test:document> elements.
<test:MiscellaneousTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/misc001">

   <test:status>PENDING</test:status>
   <test:description>
     A serializer asked to output the graph described in the test001
     document should raise an exception since it cannot be described using
     RDF/XML.
   </test:description>

   <test:document>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/nonserializable/test001.nt" />
   </test:document>

</test:MiscellaneousTest>

In addition, each test case description may have the following common attributes:

2.2. Approved Test Cases

The test cases in the following table have been approved.

There are 22 issues containing 157 approved test cases, and 57 test cases without an associated issue. Relative URLs listed in this table should be resolved against the base URI http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/
Test cases without an issue: 57 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 15)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
amp-in-url/test001.rdf amp-in-url/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-09-21
datatypes/test001.rdf datatypes/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
datatypes/test002.rdf datatypes/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
rdf-element-not-mandatory/test001.rdf rdf-element-not-mandatory/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-10-03
rdfms-reification-required/test001.rdf rdfms-reification-required/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-uri-substructure/test001.rdf rdfms-uri-substructure/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xmllang/test001.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test002.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test003.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test004.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test005.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test006.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
unrecognised-xml-attributes/test001.rdf unrecognised-xml-attributes/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-01-18
unrecognised-xml-attributes/test002.rdf unrecognised-xml-attributes/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-01-18
xml-canon/test001.rdf xml-canon/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-08-08
Negative parser tests (test cases: 9)
Input fileApproved
rdfms-abouteach/error001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-abouteach/error002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error003.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error004.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error005.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error006.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error007.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 16)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:integer, xsd:string) datatypes-intensional/test002.ntFALSE RDFCore Telecon 2003-09-05
RDF + RDFS datatypes/test002.ntdatatypes/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:string) datatypes/test011a.ntdatatypes/test011b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-08-29
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:decimal, xsd:string) datatypes/test006.ntFALSE RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + DT(xsd:decimal, xsd:integer) datatypes/test005a.ntdatatypes/test005b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test003a.ntdatatypes/test003b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test003b.ntdatatypes/test003a.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
datatypes/test008a.ntdatatypes/test008b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-10-11
RDF + RDFS + DT(rdf:XMLLiteral) datatypes/test010.ntFALSE RDFCore Telecon 2002-10-11
RDF + RDFS pfps-10/test001a.ntpfps-10/test001b.nt Editorial fix for issue PFPS-10
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/empty.ntrdfms-seq-representation/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/test003a.ntrdfms-seq-representation/test003b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/empty.ntrdfms-seq-representation/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF tex-01/test001.rdftex-01/test002.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
RDF tex-01/test002.rdftex-01/test001.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:int) xmlsch-02/test001.rdfxmlsch-02/test003.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 16)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:decimal, xsd:integer) datatypes-intensional/test001.ntFALSE RDFCore Telecon 2003-09-05
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test002.ntdatatypes/test002b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-11-22
datatypes/test009a.ntdatatypes/test009b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-10-11
RDF + RDFS horst-01/test001.rdfhorst-01/test002.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
RDF + RDFS horst-01/test003.rdfhorst-01/test004.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
rdfms-xmllang/test007a.ntrdfms-xmllang/test007b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xmllang/test007b.ntrdfms-xmllang/test007c.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xmllang/test007c.ntrdfms-xmllang/test007a.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-container-membership-superProperty/not1P.rdfrdfs-container-membership-superProperty/not1C.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF statement-entailment/test001a.ntstatement-entailment/test001b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF statement-entailment/test002a.ntstatement-entailment/test002b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF + RDFS statement-entailment/test001a.ntstatement-entailment/test001b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF + RDFS statement-entailment/test002a.ntstatement-entailment/test002b.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:int) xmlsch-02/test001.rdfxmlsch-02/test002.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:int) xmlsch-02/test002.rdfxmlsch-02/test001.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:int) xmlsch-02/test002.rdfxmlsch-02/test003.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-07-18
Miscellaneous tests (test cases: 1)
Related documentsApproved
rdfms-uri-substructure/error001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdf-charmod-literals has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdf-charmod-literals/test001.rdf rdf-charmod-literals/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-04-05
Issue: rdf-charmod-uris has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-04-26
rdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-04-26
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF rdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdfrdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2002-04-26
RDF rdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdfrdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2002-04-26
Issue: rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema has 9 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 7)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test001.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test002.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test003.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test004.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test006.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test007.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test007.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test008.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test008.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
Negative parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input fileApproved
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/error001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/error002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
Issue: rdf-ns-prefix-confusion has 11 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 11)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0001.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0003.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0004.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0005.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0006.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0009.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0009.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0010.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0010.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0011.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0011.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0012.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0012.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0013.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0013.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0014.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0014.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
Issue: rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 3)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test1.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test1.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-12-14
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test2.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test2.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test3.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test3.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input fileApproved
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/error1.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-12-14
Issue: rdfms-duplicate-member-props has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-duplicate-member-props/test001.rdf rdfms-duplicate-member-props/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-05-03
Issue: rdfms-empty-property-elements has 20 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 17)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test001.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test002.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test003.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test004.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test005.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test006.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test007.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test007.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test008.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test008.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test009.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test009.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test010.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test010.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test011.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test011.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test012.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test012.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test013.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test013.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test014.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test014.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test015.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test015.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test016.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test016.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test017.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test017.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 3)
Input fileApproved
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error003.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-05-25
Issue: rdfms-identity-anon-resources has 5 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 5)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test001.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test002.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test003.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test004.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test005.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
Issue: rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 4)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test001.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test002.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test004.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test005.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
Issue: rdfms-para196 has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-para196/test001.rdf rdfms-para196/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-01-11
Issue: rdfms-rdf-names-use has 60 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 40)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-001.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-002.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-003.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-004.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-005.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-005.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-006.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-007.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-007.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-008.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-008.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-009.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-009.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-010.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-010.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-011.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-011.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-012.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-012.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-013.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-013.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-014.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-014.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-015.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-015.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-016.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-016.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-017.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-017.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-018.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-018.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-019.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-019.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-020.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-020.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-021.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-021.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-022.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-022.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-023.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-023.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-024.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-024.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-025.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-025.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-026.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-026.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-027.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-027.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-028.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-028.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-029.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-029.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-030.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-030.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-031.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-031.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-032.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-032.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-033.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-033.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-034.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-034.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-035.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-035.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-036.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-036.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-037.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-037.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-001.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-001.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-002.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-002.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-003.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-003.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
Negative parser tests (test cases: 20)
Input fileApproved
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-003.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-004.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-005.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-006.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-007.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-008.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-009.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-010.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-011.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-012.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-013.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-014.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-015.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-016.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-017.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-018.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-019.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-020.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2001-11-30
Issue: rdfms-seq-representation has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-seq-representation/test001.rdf rdfms-seq-representation/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-05-31
Issue: rdfms-syntax-incomplete has 10 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 4)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test001.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test002.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test003.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test004.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 6)
Input fileApproved
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error001.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error002.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error003.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error004.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error005.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error006.rdfRDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfms-xml-base has 12 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 12)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
xmlbase/test001.rdf xmlbase/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test002.rdf xmlbase/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test003.rdf xmlbase/test003.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test004.rdf xmlbase/test004.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test006.rdf xmlbase/test006.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test007.rdf xmlbase/test007.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test008.rdf xmlbase/test008.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test009.rdf xmlbase/test009.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test010.rdf xmlbase/test010.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test011.rdf xmlbase/test011.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test013.rdf xmlbase/test013.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test014.rdf xmlbase/test014.nt RDFCore Telecon 2002-03-15
Issue: rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces has 2 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test001.rdf rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test002.rdf rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-domain-and-range has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input filesOutput fileWarning?Approved
rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-19
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises006.rdfrdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions006.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises005.rdfrdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions005.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf/test001.rdfrdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-12
Issue: rdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf/test001.rdfrdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf/test001.nt RDFCore Telecon 2001-10-12
Issue: rdfs-subClassOf-a-Property has 1 tests
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-subClassOf-a-Property/test001.ntFALSE RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics/test001.ntrdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics/test002.nt RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: entailment-from-inconsistent-graph has 2 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-entailment/test001.ntFALSE http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/w3c-rdfcore-wg/2003Nov/0063.html
RDF + RDFS FALSErdfs-entailment/test002.nt http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/w3c-rdfcore-wg/2003Nov/0063.html
Issue: I5.24-IF-or-IFF-property-properties has 2 tests
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
RulesPremise filesConclusion fileWarning?Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises006.rdfrdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions006.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises005.rdfrdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions005.rdf RDFCore Telecon 2003-01-10

2.3. Test Cases Not Approved

The test case repository contains test cases that have not been approved. Such test cases are not enumerated in this document but a list of them is available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/allTestCases.html.

2.4. Running the Test Cases

The test case manifest format was deliberately chosen to be a simple, declarative description of the test cases. Parser tests can be run in conjunction with simple tools such as ntc[NTC]. A parser should pass all the positive parser tests, and reject all the negative parser tests. Tools like Euler [EULER] have been used to run the entailment tests.

Due to the rules of entailment tests, a positive or negative entailment test case with an empty conclusion document can be used to illustrate semantic constraints associated with sets of entailment rules.

The test cases have been created to illustrate the resolution of particular issues on the RDF Issue Tracking list. Consequently, test case results should always be interpreted in conjunction with the resolution of the associated issue and the description (if any) attached to the test case in the manifest.

3. N-Triples

N-Triples is a line-based, plain text format for encoding an RDF graph. It was designed to be a fixed subset of N3[N3] [N3-Primer] and hence N3 tools such as cwm [CWM], n-triples2kif [N-TRIPLES2KIF], and Euler [EULER] can be used to read and process it. cwm can output this format when invoked as "cwm -ntriples".

It is recommended, but not required, that N-Triples content is stored in files with an '.nt' suffix to distinguish them from N3.

The Internet media type / MIME type of N-Triples is text/plain and the character encoding is 7-bit US-ASCII.

NOTE: N-Triples is an RDF syntax for expressing RDF test cases and defining the correspondence between RDF/XML and the RDF abstract syntax. RDF/XML [RDF-SYNTAX] is the recommended syntax for applications to exchange RDF information.

3.1. Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) Grammar

An N-Triples document is a sequence of US-ASCII characters and is defined by the ntripleDoc grammar term below. Parsing it results in a sequence of RDF triples formed from the subject, predicate and object productions.

This EBNF is the notation used in XML 1.0 second edition

ntripleDoc ::= line*
line ::= ws* ( comment | triple )? eoln
comment ::= '#' ( character - ( cr | lf ) )*
triple ::= subject ws+ predicate ws+ object ws* '.' ws*
subject ::= uriref | nodeID
predicate ::= uriref
object ::= uriref | nodeID | literal
uriref ::= '<' absoluteURI '>'
nodeID ::= '_:' name
literal ::= langString | datatypeString
langString ::= '"' string '"' ( '@' language )?
datatypeString ::= '"' string '"' '^^' uriref
language ::= [a-z]+ ('-' [a-z0-9]+ )*
encoding a language tag.
ws ::= space | tab
eoln ::= cr | lf | cr lf
space ::= #x20 /* US-ASCII space - decimal 32 */
cr ::= #xD /* US-ASCII carriage return - decimal 13 */
lf ::= #xA /* US-ASCII line feed - decimal 10 */
tab ::= #x9 /* US-ASCII horizontal tab - decimal 9 */
string ::= character* with escapes as defined in section Strings
name ::= [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*
absoluteURI ::= character+ with escapes as defined in section URI References
character ::= [#x20-#x7E] /* US-ASCII space to decimal 126 */

These productions encode concepts defined in the RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax [RDF-CONCEPTS] working draft as follows:

N-Triples production RDF Concept encoded
triple triple
subject subject
predicate predicate
object object
absoluteURI RDF URI reference
nodeID Identifier for a blank node
langString plain literal
datatypeString typed literal

3.2 Strings

N-Triples strings are sequences of US-ASCII character productions encoding [UNICODE] character strings. The characters outside the US-ASCII range and some other specific characters are made available by \-escape sequences as follows:

Unicode character
(with code point u)
N-Triples encoding
[#x0-#x8] \uHHHH
4 required hexadecimal digits HHHH encoding Unicode character u
#x9 \t
#xA \n
[#xB-#xC] \uHHHH
4 required hexadecimal digits HHHH encoding Unicode character u
#xD \r
[#xE-#x1F] \uHHHH
4 required hexadecimal digits HHHH encoding Unicode character u
[#x20-#x21] the character u
#x22 \"
[#x23-#x5B] the character u
#x5C \\
[#x5D-#x7E] the character u
[#x7F-#xFFFF] \uHHHH
4 required hexadecimal digits HHHH encoding Unicode character u
[#10000-#x10FFFF] \UHHHHHHHH
8 required hexadecimal digits HHHHHHHH encoding Unicode character u

where H is a hexadecimal digit: [#x30-#x39],[#x41-#x46] (0-9, uppercase A-F).

This escaping satisfies the [CHARMOD] section Reference Processing Model on making the full Unicode character range U+0 to U+10FFFF available to applications and providing only one way to escape any character.

3.3 URI References

The absoluteURI production encodes a Unicode string representing an RDF URI references as specified in [RDF-CONCEPTS]. These are encoded in N-Triples using the escapes described in section Strings.

3.4. Example

The following N-Triples file:

<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator>    "Dave Beckett" .
<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator>    "Jan Grant" .
<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher>  _:a .
_:a                                    <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title>      "World Wide Web Consortium" .
_:a                                    <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source>     <http://www.w3.org/> .

represents the same RDF graph as the following RDF/XML:

<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
         xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/">
    <dc:creator>Jan Grant</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Dave Beckett</dc:creator>
    <dc:publisher>
      <rdf:Description>
        <dc:title>World Wide Web Consortium</dc:title>
        <dc:source rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/"/>
      </rdf:Description>
    </dc:publisher>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

3.5. N-Triples Tests

The N-Triple test file at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/ntriples/test.nt contains multiple tests of legal N-Triples.

4 References

Normative References

[APPROVED]
approved_20031114.zip: approved test cases at time of publication. The latest version of this archive is available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/latest_Approved.zip .
[FULLTESTS]
all_20031114.zip: Test case archive (including unapproved tests). The latest version of this archive is available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/latest_All.zip .
[MANIFEST]
Manifest.rdf: This file (available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/Manifest.rdf) describes all the test cases within the repository.
[MANIFEST-HEAD]
Manifest header. A sample prefix which can be used to introduce a manifest file.
[MANIFEST-TAIL]
Manifest footer. A sample suffix which can be used to close a manifest file.
[CWM]
cwm: T. Berners-Lee et al. An RDF/N3 processing tool.
[N-TRIPLES2KIF]
n-triples2kif.pl An RDF processing tool.
[EULER]
Euler: Jos deRoo. An RDF inference engine.
[ISSUES]
RDF Issue Tracking, McBride et al.
[REPOSITORY]
Repository for RDFCore Test Cases hosted at the W3C.
[RDFMS]
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification, O. Lassila and R. Swick, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation. 22 February 1999. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222/. The latest version of RDF M&S is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/.
[RDF-SCHEMA]
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schema Specification 1.0, Dan Brickley, R.V. Guha, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Candidate Recommendation, 27 March 2000. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/CR-rdf-schema-20000327/. The latest version of RDF Schema is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/.
[UNICODE]
The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0, Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 2000, ISBN: 0-201-61633-5. This document is http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/standard.html.
[CHARMOD]
Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0, M. Dürst, F. Yergeau, R. Ishida, M. Wolf, T. Texin, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Working Draft, work in progress, 22 August 2003. This version of the Character Model is http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-charmod-20030822/. The latest version of the Character Model is at http://www.w3.org/TR/charmod/.
[RDF-CONCEPTS]
Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax, Klyne G., Carroll J. (Editors), W3C Recommendation, 10 February 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/. The latest version is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/.
[RDF-SEMANTICS]
RDF Semantics, Hayes P. (Editor), W3C Recommendation, 10 February 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-mt-20040210/. The latest version is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-mt/.
[RDF-SYNTAX]
RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised), Beckett D. (Editor), W3C Recommendation, 10 February 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210/. The latest version is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/.

Informative References

[RDF-PRIMER]
RDF Primer, Manola F., Miller E., Editors, W3C Recommendation, 10 February 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/. The latest version is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-primer/.
[RDF-VOCABULARY]
RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema, Brickley D., Guha R.V. (Editors), W3C Recommendation, 10 February 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-schema-20040210/. The latest version is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/.
[N3]
Notation 3, Tim Berners-Lee
[N3-Primer]
Primer: Getting into RDF & Semantic Web using N3, Tim Berners-Lee
[NTC]
NTC: A simple N-Triples isomorphism test utility, Jan Grant

5 Acknowledgments (Informative)

Many thanks to Art Barstow (ex-W3C), former main editor of this document, for his sterling work on editing and managing the RDF test cases, which he had been doing well before the RDF Core WG started.

The editors would also like to thank Jos DeRoo, of AGFA, for his excellent work in the implementation of an RDF reasoner capable of running the entailment test cases.

Thanks are also due to the RDF parser implementers who took the time to run, and submit corrections to, our parser tests.

The following Working Group members have directly contributed to this document and/or contributed test cases.

This document is a product of extended deliberations by the RDF Core Working Group, whose members have included: Art Barstow (W3C) Dave Beckett (ILRT), Dan Brickley (W3C/ILRT), Dan Connolly (W3C), Jeremy Carroll (Hewlett Packard), Ron Daniel (Interwoven Inc), Bill dehOra (InterX), Jos De Roo (AGFA), Jan Grant (ILRT), Graham Klyne (Clearswift and Nine by Nine), Frank Manola (MITRE Corporation), Brian McBride (Hewlett Packard), Eric Miller (W3C), Stephen Petschulat (IBM), Patrick Stickler (Nokia), Aaron Swartz (HWG), Mike Dean (BBN Technologies / Verizon), R. V. Guha (Alpiri Inc), Pat Hayes (IHMC), Sergey Melnik (Stanford University), Martyn Horner (Profium Ltd).

This specification also draws upon an earlier RDF Model and Syntax document edited by Ora Lassilla and Ralph Swick, and RDF Schema edited by Dan Brickley and R. V. Guha. RDF and RDF Schema Working group members who contributed to this earlier work are: Nick Arnett (Verity), Tim Berners-Lee (W3C), Tim Bray (Textuality), Dan Brickley (ILRT / University of Bristol), Walter Chang (Adobe), Sailesh Chutani (Oracle), Dan Connolly (W3C), Ron Daniel (DATAFUSION), Charles Frankston (Microsoft), Patrick Gannon (CommerceNet), RV Guha (Epinions, previously of Netscape Communications), Tom Hill (Apple Computer), Arthur van Hoff (Marimba), Renato Iannella (DSTC), Sandeep Jain (Oracle), Kevin Jones, (InterMind), Emiko Kezuka (Digital Vision Laboratories), Joe Lapp (webMethods Inc.), Ora Lassila (Nokia Research Center), Andrew Layman (Microsoft), Ralph LeVan (OCLC), John McCarthy (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Chris McConnell (Microsoft), Murray Maloney (Grif), Michael Mealling (Network Solutions), Norbert Mikula (DataChannel), Eric Miller (OCLC), Jim Miller (W3C, emeritus), Frank Olken (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Jean Paoli (Microsoft), Sri Raghavan (Digital/Compaq), Lisa Rein (webMethods Inc.), Paul Resnick (University of Michigan), Bill Roberts (KnowledgeCite), Tsuyoshi Sakata (Digital Vision Laboratories), Bob Schloss (IBM), Leon Shklar (Pencom Web Works), David Singer (IBM), Wei (William) Song (SISU), Neel Sundaresan (IBM), Ralph Swick (W3C), Naohiko Uramoto (IBM), Charles Wicksteed (Reuters Ltd.), Misha Wolf (Reuters Ltd.), Lauren Wood (SoftQuad).

Appendix A: Change Log (Informative)

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-rdf-testcases-20030905/

Added explicit simple entailment marker to entailment tests.

Reworded the pass and failure criteria for negative entailment tests according to suggested wording from Pat Hayes.

Added test case for RDF/XML without an enclosing rdf:RDF element (rdf-element-not-mandatory/test001).

Removed N-Triples reference to language tags and RFC3066, use the RDF concepts definition. A language tag cannot start with a digit.

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-rdf-testcases-20030123/

Added test cases for intensional interpretation of datatypes.

Added test case: plain literals and xsd:string denotations overlap.

Editorial change. The caption on the test case table now makes it clear that it refers only to the resolution of relative URLs within the table.

Editorial change. Updated section 3. N-Triples NOTE on the purpose of N-Triples to say it is used to map abstract RDF syntax and RDF/XML.

Terminological change. Updated section 2.1. Organization To use the more acceptable term, "graph equivalence".

Substantive change. Updated section 2.1. Organization to include fourth condition for datatype support when describing datatype entailment tests.

Editorial change. Updated references throughout to remove URLs from prose; additional changes as suggested by Susan Lesch.

Editorial change. Updated section 3.1. Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) Grammar to add a new table showing how the N-Triples productions encode the respective RDF concepts from [RDF-CONCEPTS].

Editorial change. Updated section 3.3 URI References to say less about URI detail and defer to [RDF-CONCEPTS]. Removed reference to RFC2396 (URIs). Made after comment by Duerst, 2003-05-08 as outlined. Also addresses comment by Patel-Schneider, 2003-05-30.

Editorial change. Updated section 3.2 Strings and the N-Triples escape sequence table to list the encodings from Unicode character to N-Triples. Made after comment by Patel-Schneider, 2003-05-27 as outlined.

Substantive change. Updated datatypeString to use string rather than langString after removal of language tag from all typed literals as approved in RDF Core telcon 2003-05-09.

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-testcases-20021112/

Entailment test definitions changed to actually test proper entailments, not pseudo-entailments.

Support for datatype-aware entailment tests in the manifest.

Pointer to RDF-CONCEPTS for the definition of graph isomorphism / equality.

Addition of the always false pseudo-document for entailment tests.

Updated the test case list in this document.

Test case names changed to fragment references into individual manifest documents.

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-testcases-20020429/

Production language. Changed to match RFC 3066. Added [RFC 2396] to normative references.

3 N-Triples NOTE reworded. Point to RDF/XML as exchange syntax.

Production character: should be "to 126"

3.2 Strings Removed suggestion to use UTF-8 for apps.

Added 3.5. N-Triples Tests pointing at the http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/ntriples/test.nt test file.

Use uppercase hexadecimal digits. Define H and use it for \uHHHH, \uHHHHHHHH.

Removed xmlString.

Changed the N-Triples language separator token to @ in langString

Added RDF datatyping support using datatypeString using the form ^^<datatypeURI>

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-rdf-testcases-20011115/

Updated 3.3 URI References to allow Unicode characters in URIs

Merged Future Work into Open Issues

Test case list expanded and reorganized to reflect additional approved test cases

New section 2 describing organization of parser tests, the types of tests and examples of manifest format that describes them.

Updated editors, added thanks to Art Barstow.

Changed literal to be langString | xmlString (now gone)

N-Triples remains an ASCII format for now - closed issue on UTF-8 encoding.

Update references to RDF Model Theory, Syntax WDs

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-rdf-testcases-20010912/

Changed the Approved Test Cases table so that it includes links to related files and the Working Group decision.

Removed the Test Cases Not Approved table and added a link to the repository's list of the not approved test cases.

Added links to ZIP files of the repository's test cases.

Specify the Future Work and Contributors sections as Informative.

Renamed token bNode to nodeID.

Added RDF Model Theory reference.

Added URI Encoding section, pointing at Charmod rules and updated absoluteURI grammar rule to use it.

Removed references to Python literals, reason for \-escaping.

Added 4, 8 required digits for \u, \U string escapes.

Renamed section URIs to URI References.

Appendix B: Open Issues (Informative)


RDF/XML Metadata