Mathematics ----------- .. math:: N = \idotsint Docutils supports inline math with the prefix or postfix ``:math:`` role specificator, :math:`n! + \sin(x_n^2)` and `A_\text{c} = \frac{\pi}{4} d^2`:math:, as well as displayed math via the `math` directive: .. math:: f(\epsilon) = \frac{1}{1 + \exp\left(\frac{\varepsilon}{k_\text{B}T}\right)} Content may start on the first line of the directive, e.g. .. math:: N = \frac{\text{number of apples}}{7} Equations can be labeled with a reference name using the ``:name:`` option. See `eq:M`_ and `eq:schrödinger`_ below. The determinant of the matrix .. math:: :name: eq:M \mathbf{M} = \left(\begin{matrix}a&b\\c&d\end{matrix}\right) is :math:`|\mathbf{M}| = ad - bc`. More than one display math block can be put in one math directive. For example, the following sum and integral with limits: .. math:: \int_0^1 x^n dx = \frac{1}{n + 1} \sum_{n=1}^m n = \frac{m(m+1)}{2} LaTeX-supported Unicode math symbols can be used in math roles and directives: The Schrödinger equation .. math:: :name: eq:schrödinger i\hbar \frac{∂}{∂t}Ψ = \hat{H}Ψ, with the *wave function* :math:`Ψ`, describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes in time. Math-Accents: .. list-table:: :class: borderless :width: 100% * - :math:`\acute{a}` ``\acute{a}`` - :math:`\dot{t}` ``\dot{t}`` - :math:`\hat{\gamma}` ``\hat{\gamma}`` * - :math:`\grave{a}` ``\grave{a}`` - :math:`\ddot{t}` ``\ddot{t}`` - :math:`\tilde{\alpha}` ``\tilde{\alpha}`` * - :math:`\breve{x}` ``\breve{x}`` - :math:`\dddot{t}` ``\dddot{t}`` - :math:`\vec{\imath}` ``\vec{\imath}`` * - :math:`\check{a}` ``\check{a}`` - :math:`\bar{a}` ``\bar{a}`` - :math:`\vec{R}` ``\vec{R}`` .. \widetilde{xxx} \widehat{xxx} Modulation Transfer Function: .. math:: \text{MTF} = \left|\frac{\mathcal{F}\{s(x)\}} {\mathcal{F}\{ s(x)\} |_{ω_{x}=0}}\right| = \mathrm{abs}\left(\frac {∫_{-∞}^{∞}s(x) \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}ω_{x}x}\mathrm{d}{x}} {∫_{-∞}^{∞}s(x)\mathrm{d}{x}} \right). Math split over two lines: If a double backslash is detected outside a ``\begin{...} \end{...}`` pair, the math code is wrapped in an AMSmath_ ``align`` environment: .. math:: s_{\mathrm{out}}(x) & = s_{\mathrm{in}}(x') * s_δ(x-x') \\ & = ∫ s_{\mathrm{in}}(x')s_δ(x-x')\mathrm{d}x' Cases with the AMSmath_ ``cases`` environment: .. math:: \mathrm{sgn}(x) = \begin{cases} -1 & x<0\\ \phantom{-} 1 & x>0 \end{cases} .. _AMSmath: ftp://ftp.ams.org/ams/doc/amsmath/short-math-guide.pdf