Writing Plugins
nose2 supports plugins for test collection, selection, observation and reporting – among other things. There are two basic rules for plugins:
Plugin classes must subclass
nose2.events.Plugin
.Plugins may implement any of the methods described in the Hook reference.
Hello World
Here’s a basic plugin. It doesn’t do anything besides log a message at the start of a test run.
import logging
import os
from nose2.events import Plugin
log = logging.getLogger('nose2.plugins.helloworld')
class HelloWorld(Plugin):
configSection = 'helloworld'
commandLineSwitch = (None, 'hello-world', 'Say hello!')
def startTestRun(self, event):
log.info('Hello pluginized world!')
To see this plugin in action, save it into an importable module, then
add that module to the plugins
key in the [unittest]
section
of a config file loaded by nose2, such as unittest.cfg
. Then run
nose2:
nose2 --log-level=INFO --hello-world
And you should see the log message before the first dot appears.
Loading plugins
As mentioned above, for nose2 to find a plugin, it must be in an
importable module, and the module must be listed under the plugins
key in the [unittest]
section of a config file loaded by nose2:
[unittest]
plugins = mypackage.someplugin
otherpackage.thatplugin
thirdpackage.plugins.metoo
As you can see, plugin modules are listed, one per line. All plugin
classes in those modules will be loaded – but not necessarily
active. Typically plugins do not activate themselves (“register”)
without seeing a command-line flag, or always-on = True
in their
config file section.
Command-line Options
nose2 uses argparse for command-line argument parsing. Plugins may enable command-line options that register them as active, or take arguments or flags controlling their operation.
The most basic thing to do is to set the plugin’s
commandLineSwitch
attribute, which will automatically add a
command-line flag that registers the plugin.
To add other flags or arguments, you can use the Plugin methods
nose2.events.Plugin.addFlag()
,
nose2.events.Plugin.addArgument()
or
nose2.events.Plugin.addOption()
. If those don’t offer enough
flexibility, you can directly manipulate the argument parser by
accessing self.session.argparse
or the plugin option group by
accessing self.session.pluginargs
.
Please note though that the majority of your plugin’s configuration should be done via config file options, not command line options.
Config File Options
Plugins may specify a config file section that holds their
configuration by setting their configSection
attribute. All
plugins, regardless of whether they specify a config section, have a
config
attribute that holds a nose2.config.Config
instance. This will be empty of values if the plugin does not specify
a config section or if no loaded config file includes that section.
Plugins should extract the user’s configuration selections from their
config attribute in their __init__
methods. Plugins that want to
use nose2’s Sphinx extension to automatically document themselves
must do so.
Config file options may be extracted as strings, ints, booleans or lists.
You should provide reasonable defaults for all config options.
Guidelines
Events
nose2’s plugin API is based on the API in unittest2’s
plugins
branch (under-development). Its differs from nose’s
in one major area: what it passes to hooks. Where nose passes a
variety of arguments, nose2 always passes an event. The events are
listed in the Event reference.
Here’s the key thing about that: event attributes are read-write. Unless stated otherwise in the documentation for a hook, you can set a new value for any event attribute, and this will do something. Plugins and nose2 systems will see that new value and either use it instead of what was originally set in the event (example: the reporting stream or test executor), or use it to supplement something they find elsewhere (example: extraTests on a test loading event).
“Handling” events
Many hooks give plugins a chance to completely handle events,
bypassing other plugins and any core nose2 operations. To do this, a
plugin sets event.handled
to True and, generally, returns an
appropriate value from the hook method. What is an appropriate value
varies by hook, and some hooks can’t be handled in this way. But
even for hooks where handling the event doesn’t stop all processing,
it will stop subsequently-loaded plugins from seeing the event.
Logging
nose2 uses the logging classes from the standard library. To enable users
to view debug messages easily, plugins should use logging.getLogger()
to
acquire a logger in the nose2.plugins
namespace.
Recipes
Writing a plugin that monitors or controls test result output
Implement any of the
report*
hook methods, especially if you want to output to the console. If outputting to file or other system, you might implementtestOutcome()
instead.Example:
nose2.plugins.result.ResultReporter
Writing a plugin that handles exceptions
If you just want to handle some exceptions as skips or failures instead of errors, see
nose2.plugins.outcomes.Outcomes
, which offers a simple way to do that. Otherwise, implementsetTestOutcome()
to change test outcomes.Example:
nose2.plugins.outcomes.Outcomes
Writing a plugin that adds detail to error reports
Implement
testOutcome()
and put your extra information intoevent.metadata
, then implementoutcomeDetail()
to extract it and add it to the error report.Examples:
nose2.plugins.buffer.OutputBufferPlugin
,nose2.plugins.logcapture.LogCapture
Writing a plugin that loads tests from files other than python modules
Implement
handleFile()
.Example:
nose2.plugins.doctests.DocTestLoader
Writing a plugin that loads tests from python modules
Implement at least
loadTestsFromModule()
.Warning
One thing to beware of here is that if you return tests as dynamically-generated test cases, or instances of a testcase class that is defined anywhere but the module being loaded, you must use
nose2.util.transplant_class()
to make the test case class appear to have originated in that module. Otherwise, module-level fixtures will not work for that test, and may be ignored entirely for the module if there are no test cases that are or appear to be defined there.Writing a plugin that prints a report
Implement
beforeErrorList()
,beforeSummaryReport()
orafterSummaryReport()
Example:
nose2.plugins.prof.Profiler
Writing a plugin that selects or rejects tests
Implement
matchPath
orgetTestCaseNames
.