"""
Cuthill-McKee ordering of graph nodes to produce sparse matrices
"""
from collections import deque
from operator import itemgetter
import networkx as nx
from ..utils import arbitrary_element
__all__ = ["cuthill_mckee_ordering", "reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering"]
[docs]def cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=None):
"""Generate an ordering (permutation) of the graph nodes to make
a sparse matrix.
Uses the Cuthill-McKee heuristic (based on breadth-first search) [1]_.
Parameters
----------
G : graph
A NetworkX graph
heuristic : function, optional
Function to choose starting node for RCM algorithm. If None
a node from a pseudo-peripheral pair is used. A user-defined function
can be supplied that takes a graph object and returns a single node.
Returns
-------
nodes : generator
Generator of nodes in Cuthill-McKee ordering.
Examples
--------
>>> from networkx.utils import cuthill_mckee_ordering
>>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
>>> rcm = list(cuthill_mckee_ordering(G))
>>> A = nx.adjacency_matrix(G, nodelist=rcm)
Smallest degree node as heuristic function:
>>> def smallest_degree(G):
... return min(G, key=G.degree)
>>> rcm = list(cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=smallest_degree))
See Also
--------
reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering
Notes
-----
The optimal solution the the bandwidth reduction is NP-complete [2]_.
References
----------
.. [1] E. Cuthill and J. McKee.
Reducing the bandwidth of sparse symmetric matrices,
In Proc. 24th Nat. Conf. ACM, pages 157-172, 1969.
http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800195.805928
.. [2] Steven S. Skiena. 1997. The Algorithm Design Manual.
Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, NY, USA.
"""
for c in nx.connected_components(G):
yield from connected_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G.subgraph(c), heuristic)
[docs]def reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=None):
"""Generate an ordering (permutation) of the graph nodes to make
a sparse matrix.
Uses the reverse Cuthill-McKee heuristic (based on breadth-first search)
[1]_.
Parameters
----------
G : graph
A NetworkX graph
heuristic : function, optional
Function to choose starting node for RCM algorithm. If None
a node from a pseudo-peripheral pair is used. A user-defined function
can be supplied that takes a graph object and returns a single node.
Returns
-------
nodes : generator
Generator of nodes in reverse Cuthill-McKee ordering.
Examples
--------
>>> from networkx.utils import reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering
>>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
>>> rcm = list(reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G))
>>> A = nx.adjacency_matrix(G, nodelist=rcm)
Smallest degree node as heuristic function:
>>> def smallest_degree(G):
... return min(G, key=G.degree)
>>> rcm = list(reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=smallest_degree))
See Also
--------
cuthill_mckee_ordering
Notes
-----
The optimal solution the the bandwidth reduction is NP-complete [2]_.
References
----------
.. [1] E. Cuthill and J. McKee.
Reducing the bandwidth of sparse symmetric matrices,
In Proc. 24th Nat. Conf. ACM, pages 157-72, 1969.
http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800195.805928
.. [2] Steven S. Skiena. 1997. The Algorithm Design Manual.
Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, NY, USA.
"""
return reversed(list(cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=heuristic)))
def connected_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G, heuristic=None):
# the cuthill mckee algorithm for connected graphs
if heuristic is None:
start = pseudo_peripheral_node(G)
else:
start = heuristic(G)
visited = {start}
queue = deque([start])
while queue:
parent = queue.popleft()
yield parent
nd = sorted(list(G.degree(set(G[parent]) - visited)), key=itemgetter(1))
children = [n for n, d in nd]
visited.update(children)
queue.extend(children)
def pseudo_peripheral_node(G):
# helper for cuthill-mckee to find a node in a "pseudo peripheral pair"
# to use as good starting node
u = arbitrary_element(G)
lp = 0
v = u
while True:
spl = dict(nx.shortest_path_length(G, v))
l = max(spl.values())
if l <= lp:
break
lp = l
farthest = (n for n, dist in spl.items() if dist == l)
v, deg = min(G.degree(farthest), key=itemgetter(1))
return v