This document describes the current stable version of Celery (5.2). For development docs, go here.

Using RabbitMQ

Installation & Configuration

RabbitMQ is the default broker so it doesn’t require any additional dependencies or initial configuration, other than the URL location of the broker instance you want to use:

broker_url = 'amqp://myuser:mypassword@localhost:5672/myvhost'

For a description of broker URLs and a full list of the various broker configuration options available to Celery, see Broker Settings, and see below for setting up the username, password and vhost.

Installing the RabbitMQ Server

See Installing RabbitMQ over at RabbitMQ’s website. For macOS see Installing RabbitMQ on macOS.

Note

If you’re getting nodedown errors after installing and using rabbitmqctl then this blog post can help you identify the source of the problem:

Setting up RabbitMQ

To use Celery we need to create a RabbitMQ user, a virtual host and allow that user access to that virtual host:

$ sudo rabbitmqctl add_user myuser mypassword

$ sudo rabbitmqctl add_vhost myvhost

$ sudo rabbitmqctl set_user_tags myuser mytag

$ sudo rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p myvhost myuser ".*" ".*" ".*"

Substitute in appropriate values for myuser, mypassword and myvhost above.

See the RabbitMQ Admin Guide for more information about access control.

Installing RabbitMQ on macOS

The easiest way to install RabbitMQ on macOS is using Homebrew the new and shiny package management system for macOS.

First, install Homebrew using the one-line command provided by the Homebrew documentation:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

Finally, we can install RabbitMQ using brew:

$ brew install rabbitmq

After you’ve installed RabbitMQ with brew you need to add the following to your path to be able to start and stop the broker: add it to the start-up file for your shell (e.g., .bash_profile or .profile).

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin

Configuring the system host name

If you’re using a DHCP server that’s giving you a random host name, you need to permanently configure the host name. This is because RabbitMQ uses the host name to communicate with nodes.

Use the scutil command to permanently set your host name:

$ sudo scutil --set HostName myhost.local

Then add that host name to /etc/hosts so it’s possible to resolve it back into an IP address:

127.0.0.1       localhost myhost myhost.local

If you start the rabbitmq-server, your rabbit node should now be rabbit@myhost, as verified by rabbitmqctl:

$ sudo rabbitmqctl status
Status of node rabbit@myhost ...
[{running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","1.7.1"},
                    {mnesia,"MNESIA  CXC 138 12","4.4.12"},
                    {os_mon,"CPO  CXC 138 46","2.2.4"},
                    {sasl,"SASL  CXC 138 11","2.1.8"},
                    {stdlib,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","1.16.4"},
                    {kernel,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","2.13.4"}]},
{nodes,[rabbit@myhost]},
{running_nodes,[rabbit@myhost]}]
...done.

This is especially important if your DHCP server gives you a host name starting with an IP address, (e.g., 23.10.112.31.comcast.net). In this case RabbitMQ will try to use rabbit@23: an illegal host name.

Starting/Stopping the RabbitMQ server

To start the server:

$ sudo rabbitmq-server

you can also run it in the background by adding the -detached option (note: only one dash):

$ sudo rabbitmq-server -detached

Never use kill (kill(1)) to stop the RabbitMQ server, but rather use the rabbitmqctl command:

$ sudo rabbitmqctl stop

When the server is running, you can continue reading Setting up RabbitMQ.