format_doc¶

astropy.utils.decorators.format_doc(docstring, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Replaces the docstring of the decorated object and then formats it.

The formatting works like str.format() and if the decorated object already has a docstring this docstring can be included in the new documentation if you use the {__doc__} placeholder. Its primary use is for reusing a long docstring in multiple functions when it is the same or only slightly different between them.

Parameters:

docstringpython:str or object or python:None: The docstring that will replace the docstring of the decorated object. If it is an object like a function or class it will take the docstring of this object. If it is a string it will use the string itself. One special case is if the string is None then it will use the decorated functions docstring and formats it.
args: passed to str.format().
kwargs: passed to str.format(). If the function has a (not empty) docstring the original docstring is added to the kwargs with the keyword '__doc__'.

Raises:

ValueError: If the docstring (or interpreted docstring if it was None or not a string) is empty.
IndexError, KeyError: If a placeholder in the (interpreted) docstring was not filled. see str.format() for more information.

Notes

Using this decorator allows, for example Sphinx, to parse the correct docstring.

Examples

Replacing the current docstring is very easy:

>>> from astropy.utils.decorators import format_doc
>>> @format_doc('''Perform num1 + num2''')
... def add(num1, num2):
...     return num1+num2
...
>>> help(add) 
Help on function add in module __main__:

add(num1, num2)
    Perform num1 + num2

sometimes instead of replacing you only want to add to it:

>>> doc = '''
...       {__doc__}
...       Parameters
...       ----------
...       num1, num2 : Numbers
...       Returns
...       -------
...       result: Number
...       '''
>>> @format_doc(doc)
... def add(num1, num2):
...     '''Perform addition.'''
...     return num1+num2
...
>>> help(add) 
Help on function add in module __main__:

add(num1, num2)
    Perform addition.
    Parameters
    ----------
    num1, num2 : Numbers
    Returns
    -------
    result : Number

in case one might want to format it further:

>>> doc = '''
...       Perform {0}.
...       Parameters
...       ----------
...       num1, num2 : Numbers
...       Returns
...       -------
...       result: Number
...           result of num1 {op} num2
...       {__doc__}
...       '''
>>> @format_doc(doc, 'addition', op='+')
... def add(num1, num2):
...     return num1+num2
...
>>> @format_doc(doc, 'subtraction', op='-')
... def subtract(num1, num2):
...     '''Notes: This one has additional notes.'''
...     return num1-num2
...
>>> help(add) 
Help on function add in module __main__:

add(num1, num2)
    Perform addition.
    Parameters
    ----------
    num1, num2 : Numbers
    Returns
    -------
    result : Number
        result of num1 + num2
>>> help(subtract) 
Help on function subtract in module __main__:

subtract(num1, num2)
    Perform subtraction.
    Parameters
    ----------
    num1, num2 : Numbers
    Returns
    -------
    result : Number
        result of num1 - num2
    Notes : This one has additional notes.

These methods can be combined; even taking the docstring from another object is possible as docstring attribute. You just have to specify the object:

>>> @format_doc(add)
... def another_add(num1, num2):
...     return num1 + num2
...
>>> help(another_add) 
Help on function another_add in module __main__:

another_add(num1, num2)
    Perform addition.
    Parameters
    ----------
    num1, num2 : Numbers
    Returns
    -------
    result : Number
        result of num1 + num2

But be aware that this decorator only formats the given docstring not the strings passed as args or kwargs (not even the original docstring):

>>> @format_doc(doc, 'addition', op='+')
... def yet_another_add(num1, num2):
...    '''This one is good for {0}.'''
...    return num1 + num2
...
>>> help(yet_another_add) 
Help on function yet_another_add in module __main__:

yet_another_add(num1, num2)
    Perform addition.
    Parameters
    ----------
    num1, num2 : Numbers
    Returns
    -------
    result : Number
        result of num1 + num2
    This one is good for {0}.

To work around it you could specify the docstring to be None:

>>> @format_doc(None, 'addition')
... def last_add_i_swear(num1, num2):
...    '''This one is good for {0}.'''
...    return num1 + num2
...
>>> help(last_add_i_swear) 
Help on function last_add_i_swear in module __main__:

last_add_i_swear(num1, num2)
    This one is good for addition.

Using it with None as docstring allows to use the decorator twice on an object to first parse the new docstring and then to parse the original docstring or the args and kwargs.

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format_doc¶