clear(1) General Commands Manual clear(1)
clear - clear the terminal screen
clear [-Ttype] [-V] [-x]
clear clears your terminal's screen if this is possible, including the
terminal's scrollback buffer (if the extended "E3" capability is
defined). clear looks in the environment for the terminal type given
by the environment variable TERM, and then in the terminfo database to
determine how to clear the screen.
clear writes to the standard output. You can redirect the standard
output to a file (which prevents clear from actually clearing the
screen), and later cat the file to the screen, clearing it at that
point.
-T type
indicates the type of terminal. Normally this option is
unnecessary, because the default is taken from the environment
variable TERM. If -T is specified, then the shell variables LINES
and COLUMNS will also be ignored.
-V reports the version of ncurses which was used in this program, and
exits. The options are as follows:
-x do not attempt to clear the terminal's scrollback buffer using the
extended "E3" capability.
A clear command appeared in 2.79BSD dated February 24, 1979. Later
that was provided in Unix 8th edition (1985).
AT&T adapted a different BSD program (tset) to make a new command
(tput), and used this to replace the clear command with a shell script
which calls tput clear, e.g.,
/usr/bin/tput ${1:+-T$1} clear 2> /dev/null
exit
In 1989, when Keith Bostic revised the BSD tput command to make it
similar to the AT&T tput, he added a shell script for the clear
command:
exec tput clear
The remainder of the script in each case is a copyright notice.
The ncurses clear command began in 1995 by adapting the original BSD
clear command (with terminfo, of course).
The E3 extension came later:
o In June 1999, xterm provided an extension to the standard control
sequence for clearing the screen. Rather than clearing just the
visible part of the screen using
printf '\033[2J'
one could clear the scrollback using
printf '\033[3J'
This is documented in XTerm Control Sequences as a feature
originating with xterm.
o A few other terminal developers adopted the feature, e.g., PuTTY in
2006.
o In April 2011, a Red Hat developer submitted a patch to the Linux
kernel, modifying its console driver to do the same thing. The
Linux change, part of the 3.0 release, did not mention xterm,
although it was cited in the Red Hat bug report (#683733) which led
to the change.
o Again, a few other terminal developers adopted the feature. But
the next relevant step was a change to the clear program in 2013 to
incorporate this extension.
o In 2013, the E3 extension was overlooked in tput with the "clear"
parameter. That was addressed in 2016 by reorganizing tput to
share its logic with clear and tset.
Neither IEEE Std 1003.1/The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
(POSIX.1-2008) nor X/Open Curses Issue 7 documents tset or reset.
The latter documents tput, which could be used to replace this utility
either via a shell script or by an alias (such as a symbolic link) to
run tput as clear.
tput(1), terminfo(5), xterm(1).
This describes ncurses version 6.4 (patch 20221231).
clear(1)