When an instantiatable classed type which implements an interface (either directly or by inheriting an implementation from a superclass) is created for the first time, its class structure is initialized following the process described in the section called “Instantiatable classed types: objects”. After that, the interface implementations associated with the type are initialized.

First a memory buffer is allocated to hold the interface structure. The parent's interface structure is then copied over to the new interface structure (the parent interface is already initialized at that point). If there is no parent interface, the interface structure is initialized with zeros. The g_type and the g_instance_type fields are then initialized: g_type is set to the type of the most-derived interface and g_instance_type is set to the type of the most derived type which implements this interface.

The interface's base_init function is called, and then the interface's default_init is invoked. Finally if the type has registered an implementation of the interface, the implementation's interface_init function is invoked. If there are multiple implementations of an interface the base_init and interface_init functions will be invoked once for each implementation initialized.

It is thus recommended to use a default_init function to initialize an interface. This function is called only once for the interface no matter how many implementations there are. The default_init function is declared by G_DEFINE_INTERFACE which can be used to define the interface:

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G_DEFINE_INTERFACE (ViewerEditable, viewer_editable, G_TYPE_OBJECT)

static void
viewer_editable_default_init (ViewerEditableInterface *iface)
{
  /* add properties and signals here, will only be called once */
}

Or you can do that yourself in a GType function for your interface:

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GType
viewer_editable_get_type (void)
{
  static gsize type_id = 0;
  if (g_once_init_enter (&type_id)) {
    const GTypeInfo info = {
      sizeof (ViewerEditableInterface),
      NULL,   /* base_init */
      NULL,   /* base_finalize */
      viewer_editable_default_init, /* class_init */
      NULL,   /* class_finalize */
      NULL,   /* class_data */
      0,      /* instance_size */
      0,      /* n_preallocs */
      NULL    /* instance_init */
    };
    GType type = g_type_register_static (G_TYPE_INTERFACE,
                                         "ViewerEditable",
                                         &info, 0);
    g_once_init_leave (&type_id, type);
  }
  return type_id;
}

static void
viewer_editable_default_init (ViewerEditableInterface *iface)
{
  /* add properties and signals here, will only called once */
}

In summary, interface initialization uses the following functions:

When the last instance of an instantiatable type which registered an interface implementation is destroyed, the interface's implementations associated to the type are destroyed.

To destroy an interface implementation, GType first calls the implementation's interface_finalize function and then the interface's most-derived base_finalize function.

Again, it is important to understand, as in the section called “Interface Initialization”, that both interface_finalize and base_finalize are invoked exactly once for the destruction of each implementation of an interface. Thus, if you were to use one of these functions, you would need to use a static integer variable which would hold the number of instances of implementations of an interface such that the interface's class is destroyed only once (when the integer variable reaches zero).

The above process can be summarized as follows: