iptables-converter - intro¶
Assume a plain file with following contents:
iptables -F
iptables -t nat -F
iptables -N USER_CHAIN
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A USER_CHAIN -p icmp -j DROP
iptables -P INPUT DROP
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/21 -p tcp --dport 80 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.15
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 192.0.2.5/32 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.5:1500
As times goes by, the script will grow. The more lines the longer will it take to be loaded. There should be a quicker way of getting things done. Using iptables-save we easily can save the actual ruleset from the kernel to a file. To load it’s content into the kernel again is a very quick action compared to the loading of the originating shellscript. So the idea came up to have a converter just for saving time.
iptables-converter by default reads a file rules, using comandline parameter -s any other
file. After having read completely, output is written to stdout for full flexibility.
Given the above file as input the following is printed out:
*raw
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
COMMIT
*nat
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -d 192.0.2.5/32 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.5:1500
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/21 -p tcp --dport 80 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.15
COMMIT
*mangle
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
COMMIT
*filter
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:INPUT DROP [0:0]
:USER_CHAIN - [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
-A USER_CHAIN -p icmp -j DROP
COMMIT
As a file this might be read by iptables-restore, which works immediately.
As the file read is not interpreted in any way, there are few known errorconditions:
the file contains some shell variables, indicated by ‘$’, this leads to an errormessage and exits immediately with returncode 1.
the file contains some shell functions, indicated by ‘(‘ and/or ‘)’, this leads to an errormessage and exits immediately with returncode 1.
If you have such a file, and oyu want to speed up by converting, please execute it and feed the output as a file to iptables-converter.
iptables-converter does some error-checking while reading input. Just to mention it: iptables -E xyz and iptables -L are not implemented and throw exceptions for now!