Polar mode

When in polar mode (set polar), the xrange and the yrange may be left in autoscale mode. If set rrange is used to limit the extent of the polar axis, then xrange and yrange will adjust to match this automatically. However, explicit xrange and yrange commands can later be used to make further adjustments. See set rrange (p. [*]).

See also http://www.gnuplot.info/demo/poldat.htmlpolar demos.