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1: /* java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler - dynamically executes methods in 2: proxy instances 3: Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 4: 5: This file is part of GNU Classpath. 6: 7: GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 8: it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 9: the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) 10: any later version. 11: 12: GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 13: WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 14: MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU 15: General Public License for more details. 16: 17: You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 18: along with GNU Classpath; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the 19: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 20: 02110-1301 USA. 21: 22: Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is 23: making a combined work based on this library. Thus, the terms and 24: conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole 25: combination. 26: 27: As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you 28: permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an 29: executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent 30: modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under 31: terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked 32: independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that 33: module. An independent module is a module which is not derived from 34: or based on this library. If you modify this library, you may extend 35: this exception to your version of the library, but you are not 36: obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so, delete this 37: exception statement from your version. */ 38: 39: 40: package java.lang.reflect; 41: 42: /** 43: * This interface defines an invocation handler. Suppose you are using 44: * reflection, and found a method that requires that its parameter 45: * be an object of a given interface. You want to call this method, 46: * but have no idea what classes implement that interface. So, you can 47: * create a {@link Proxy} instance, a convenient way to dynamically 48: * generate a class that meets all the necessary properties of that 49: * interface. But in order for the proxy instance to do any good, it 50: * needs to know what to do when interface methods are invoked! So, 51: * this interface is basically a cool wrapper that provides runtime 52: * code generation needed by proxy instances. 53: * 54: * <p>While this interface was designed for use by Proxy, it will also 55: * work on any object in general.</p> 56: * 57: * <p>Hints for implementing this class:</p> 58: * 59: * <ul> 60: * <li>Don't forget that Object.equals, Object.hashCode, and 61: * Object.toString will call this handler. In particular, 62: * a naive call to proxy.equals, proxy.hashCode, or proxy.toString 63: * will put you in an infinite loop. And remember that string 64: * concatenation also invokes toString.</li> 65: * <li>Obey the contract of the Method object you are handling, or 66: * the proxy instance will be forced to throw a 67: * {@link NullPointerException}, {@link ClassCastException}, 68: * or {@link UndeclaredThrowableException}.</li> 69: * <li>Be prepared to wrap/unwrap primitives as necessary.</li> 70: * <li>The Method object may be owned by a different interface than 71: * what was actually used as the qualifying type of the method 72: * invocation in the Java source code. This means that it might 73: * not always be safe to throw an exception listed as belonging 74: * to the method's throws clause.</li> 75: * </ul> 76: * 77: * <p><small>For a fun time, create an InvocationHandler that handles the 78: * methods of a proxy instance of the InvocationHandler interface!</small></p> 79: * 80: * @see Proxy 81: * @see UndeclaredThrowableException 82: * 83: * @author Eric Blake (ebb9@email.byu.edu) 84: * @since 1.3 85: * @status updated to 1.4 86: */ 87: public interface InvocationHandler 88: { 89: /** 90: * When a method is invoked on a proxy instance, it is wrapped and 91: * this method is called instead, so that you may decide at runtime 92: * how the original method should behave. 93: * 94: * @param proxy the instance that the wrapped method should be 95: * invoked on. When this method is called by a Proxy object, 96: * `proxy' will be an instance of {@link Proxy}, and oddly enough, 97: * <code>Proxy.getInvocationHandler(proxy)</code> will return 98: * <code>this</code>! 99: * @param method the reflected method to invoke on the proxy. 100: * When this method is called by a Proxy object, 'method' 101: * will be the reflection object owned by the declaring 102: * class or interface, which may be a supertype of the 103: * interfaces the proxy directly implements. 104: * @param args the arguments passed to the original method, or 105: * <code>null</code> if the method takes no arguments. 106: * (But also be prepared to handle a 0-length array). 107: * Arguments of primitive type, such as <code>boolean</code> 108: * or <code>int</code>, are wrapped in the appropriate 109: * class such as {@link Boolean} or {@link Integer}. 110: * @return whatever is necessary to return from the wrapped method. 111: * If the wrapped method is <code>void</code>, the proxy 112: * instance will ignore it. If the wrapped method returns 113: * a primitive, this must be the correct wrapper type whose value 114: * is exactly assignable to the appropriate type (no widening 115: * will be performed); a null object in this case causes a 116: * {@link NullPointerException}. In all remaining cases, if 117: * the returned object is not assignment compatible to the 118: * declared type of the original method, the proxy instance 119: * will generate a {@link ClassCastException}. 120: * @throws Throwable this interface is listed as throwing anything, 121: * but the implementation should only throw unchecked 122: * exceptions and exceptions listed in the throws clause of 123: * all methods being overridden by the proxy instance. If 124: * something is thrown that is not compatible with the throws 125: * clause of all overridden methods, the proxy instance will 126: * wrap the exception in an UndeclaredThrowableException. 127: * Note that an exception listed in the throws clause of the 128: * `method' parameter might not be declared in additional 129: * interfaces also implemented by the proxy object. 130: * 131: * @see Proxy 132: * @see UndeclaredThrowableException 133: */ 134: Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) 135: throws Throwable; 136: 137: }