"""Node assortativity coefficients and correlation measures.
"""
from networkx.algorithms.assortativity.mixing import (
degree_mixing_matrix,
attribute_mixing_matrix,
numeric_mixing_matrix,
)
from networkx.algorithms.assortativity.pairs import node_degree_xy
__all__ = [
"degree_pearson_correlation_coefficient",
"degree_assortativity_coefficient",
"attribute_assortativity_coefficient",
"numeric_assortativity_coefficient",
]
[docs]def degree_assortativity_coefficient(G, x="out", y="in", weight=None, nodes=None):
"""Compute degree assortativity of graph.
Assortativity measures the similarity of connections
in the graph with respect to the node degree.
Parameters
----------
G : NetworkX graph
x: string ('in','out')
The degree type for source node (directed graphs only).
y: string ('in','out')
The degree type for target node (directed graphs only).
weight: string or None, optional (default=None)
The edge attribute that holds the numerical value used
as a weight. If None, then each edge has weight 1.
The degree is the sum of the edge weights adjacent to the node.
nodes: list or iterable (optional)
Compute degree assortativity only for nodes in container.
The default is all nodes.
Returns
-------
r : float
Assortativity of graph by degree.
Examples
--------
>>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
>>> r = nx.degree_assortativity_coefficient(G)
>>> print(f"{r:3.1f}")
-0.5
See Also
--------
attribute_assortativity_coefficient
numeric_assortativity_coefficient
neighbor_connectivity
degree_mixing_dict
degree_mixing_matrix
Notes
-----
This computes Eq. (21) in Ref. [1]_ , where e is the joint
probability distribution (mixing matrix) of the degrees. If G is
directed than the matrix e is the joint probability of the
user-specified degree type for the source and target.
References
----------
.. [1] M. E. J. Newman, Mixing patterns in networks,
Physical Review E, 67 026126, 2003
.. [2] Foster, J.G., Foster, D.V., Grassberger, P. & Paczuski, M.
Edge direction and the structure of networks, PNAS 107, 10815-20 (2010).
"""
M = degree_mixing_matrix(G, x=x, y=y, nodes=nodes, weight=weight)
return numeric_ac(M)
[docs]def degree_pearson_correlation_coefficient(G, x="out", y="in", weight=None, nodes=None):
"""Compute degree assortativity of graph.
Assortativity measures the similarity of connections
in the graph with respect to the node degree.
This is the same as degree_assortativity_coefficient but uses the
potentially faster scipy.stats.pearsonr function.
Parameters
----------
G : NetworkX graph
x: string ('in','out')
The degree type for source node (directed graphs only).
y: string ('in','out')
The degree type for target node (directed graphs only).
weight: string or None, optional (default=None)
The edge attribute that holds the numerical value used
as a weight. If None, then each edge has weight 1.
The degree is the sum of the edge weights adjacent to the node.
nodes: list or iterable (optional)
Compute pearson correlation of degrees only for specified nodes.
The default is all nodes.
Returns
-------
r : float
Assortativity of graph by degree.
Examples
--------
>>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
>>> r = nx.degree_pearson_correlation_coefficient(G)
>>> print(f"{r:3.1f}")
-0.5
Notes
-----
This calls scipy.stats.pearsonr.
References
----------
.. [1] M. E. J. Newman, Mixing patterns in networks
Physical Review E, 67 026126, 2003
.. [2] Foster, J.G., Foster, D.V., Grassberger, P. & Paczuski, M.
Edge direction and the structure of networks, PNAS 107, 10815-20 (2010).
"""
try:
import scipy.stats as stats
except ImportError as e:
raise ImportError("Assortativity requires SciPy:" "http://scipy.org/ ") from e
xy = node_degree_xy(G, x=x, y=y, nodes=nodes, weight=weight)
x, y = zip(*xy)
return stats.pearsonr(x, y)[0]
[docs]def attribute_assortativity_coefficient(G, attribute, nodes=None):
"""Compute assortativity for node attributes.
Assortativity measures the similarity of connections
in the graph with respect to the given attribute.
Parameters
----------
G : NetworkX graph
attribute : string
Node attribute key
nodes: list or iterable (optional)
Compute attribute assortativity for nodes in container.
The default is all nodes.
Returns
-------
r: float
Assortativity of graph for given attribute
Examples
--------
>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> G.add_nodes_from([0, 1], color="red")
>>> G.add_nodes_from([2, 3], color="blue")
>>> G.add_edges_from([(0, 1), (2, 3)])
>>> print(nx.attribute_assortativity_coefficient(G, "color"))
1.0
Notes
-----
This computes Eq. (2) in Ref. [1]_ , (trace(M)-sum(M^2))/(1-sum(M^2)),
where M is the joint probability distribution (mixing matrix)
of the specified attribute.
References
----------
.. [1] M. E. J. Newman, Mixing patterns in networks,
Physical Review E, 67 026126, 2003
"""
M = attribute_mixing_matrix(G, attribute, nodes)
return attribute_ac(M)
[docs]def numeric_assortativity_coefficient(G, attribute, nodes=None):
"""Compute assortativity for numerical node attributes.
Assortativity measures the similarity of connections
in the graph with respect to the given numeric attribute.
The numeric attribute must be an integer.
Parameters
----------
G : NetworkX graph
attribute : string
Node attribute key. The corresponding attribute value must be an
integer.
nodes: list or iterable (optional)
Compute numeric assortativity only for attributes of nodes in
container. The default is all nodes.
Returns
-------
r: float
Assortativity of graph for given attribute
Examples
--------
>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> G.add_nodes_from([0, 1], size=2)
>>> G.add_nodes_from([2, 3], size=3)
>>> G.add_edges_from([(0, 1), (2, 3)])
>>> print(nx.numeric_assortativity_coefficient(G, "size"))
1.0
Notes
-----
This computes Eq. (21) in Ref. [1]_ , for the mixing matrix of
of the specified attribute.
References
----------
.. [1] M. E. J. Newman, Mixing patterns in networks
Physical Review E, 67 026126, 2003
"""
a = numeric_mixing_matrix(G, attribute, nodes)
return numeric_ac(a)
def attribute_ac(M):
"""Compute assortativity for attribute matrix M.
Parameters
----------
M : numpy.ndarray
2D ndarray representing the attribute mixing matrix.
Notes
-----
This computes Eq. (2) in Ref. [1]_ , (trace(e)-sum(e^2))/(1-sum(e^2)),
where e is the joint probability distribution (mixing matrix)
of the specified attribute.
References
----------
.. [1] M. E. J. Newman, Mixing patterns in networks,
Physical Review E, 67 026126, 2003
"""
try:
import numpy
except ImportError as e:
raise ImportError(
"attribute_assortativity requires " "NumPy: http://scipy.org/"
) from e
if M.sum() != 1.0:
M = M / M.sum()
s = (M @ M).sum()
t = M.trace()
r = (t - s) / (1 - s)
return r
def numeric_ac(M):
# M is a numpy matrix or array
# numeric assortativity coefficient, pearsonr
try:
import numpy
except ImportError as e:
raise ImportError(
"numeric_assortativity requires " "NumPy: http://scipy.org/"
) from e
if M.sum() != 1.0:
M = M / float(M.sum())
nx, ny = M.shape # nx=ny
x = numpy.arange(nx)
y = numpy.arange(ny)
a = M.sum(axis=0)
b = M.sum(axis=1)
vara = (a * x ** 2).sum() - ((a * x).sum()) ** 2
varb = (b * x ** 2).sum() - ((b * x).sum()) ** 2
xy = numpy.outer(x, y)
ab = numpy.outer(a, b)
return (xy * (M - ab)).sum() / numpy.sqrt(vara * varb)