Packages 
Package Description
org.apache.commons.math
Common classes used throughout the commons-math library.
org.apache.commons.math.analysis
Parent package for common numerical analysis procedures, including root finding, function interpolation and integration.
org.apache.commons.math.analysis.integration
Numerical integration (quadrature) algorithms for univariate real functions.
org.apache.commons.math.analysis.interpolation
Univariate real functions interpolation algorithms.
org.apache.commons.math.analysis.polynomials
Univariate real polynomials implementations, seen as differentiable univariate real functions.
org.apache.commons.math.analysis.solvers
Root finding algorithms, for univariate real functions.
org.apache.commons.math.complex
Complex number type and implementations of complex transcendental functions.
org.apache.commons.math.dfp
Decimal floating point library for Java
org.apache.commons.math.distribution
Implementations of common discrete and continuous distributions.
org.apache.commons.math.estimation
This package provided classes to solve estimation problems, it is deprecated since 2.0.
org.apache.commons.math.exception
Specialized exceptions for algorithms errors.
org.apache.commons.math.exception.util
Classes supporting exception localization.
org.apache.commons.math.fraction
Fraction number type and fraction number formatting.
org.apache.commons.math.genetics
This package provides Genetic Algorithms components and implementations.
org.apache.commons.math.geometry
This package provides basic 3D geometry components.
org.apache.commons.math.linear
Linear algebra support.
org.apache.commons.math.ode
This package provides classes to solve Ordinary Differential Equations problems.
org.apache.commons.math.ode.events
This package provides classes to handle discrete events occurring during Ordinary Differential Equations integration.
org.apache.commons.math.ode.jacobians
This package was intended to solve Ordinary Differential Equations problems and also compute derivatives of the solution.
org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff
This package provides classes to solve non-stiff Ordinary Differential Equations problems.
org.apache.commons.math.ode.sampling
This package provides classes to handle sampling steps during Ordinary Differential Equations integration.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization
This package provides common interfaces for the optimization algorithms provided in sub-packages.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization.direct
This package provides optimization algorithms that don't require derivatives.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization.fitting
This package provides classes to perform curve fitting.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization.general
This package provides optimization algorithms that require derivatives.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization.linear
This package provides optimization algorithms for linear constrained problems.
org.apache.commons.math.optimization.univariate
Univariate real functions minimum finding algorithms.
org.apache.commons.math.random
Random number and random data generators.
org.apache.commons.math.special
Implementations of special functions such as Beta and Gamma.
org.apache.commons.math.stat
Data storage, manipulation and summary routines.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.clustering
Clustering algorithms
org.apache.commons.math.stat.correlation
Correlations/Covariance computations.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive
Generic univariate summary statistic objects.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive.moment
Summary statistics based on moments.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive.rank
Summary statistics based on ranks.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive.summary
Other summary statistics.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.inference
Classes providing hypothesis testing and confidence interval construction.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.ranking
Classes providing rank transformations.
org.apache.commons.math.stat.regression
Statistical routines involving multivariate data.
org.apache.commons.math.transform
Implementations of transform methods, including Fast Fourier transforms.
org.apache.commons.math.util
Convenience routines and common data structures used throughout the commons-math library.