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3.9.1 Type Extensions

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Every type extension is a tagged type, and is a record extension or a private extension of some other tagged type, or a non-interface synchronized tagged type.. 

Syntax

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record_extension_part ::= with record_definition

Legality Rules

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The parent type of a record extension shall not be a class-wide type nor shall it be a synchronized tagged type (see 3.9.4). If the parent type or any progenitor is nonlimited, then each of the components of the record_extension_part shall be nonlimited. In addition to the places where Legality Rules normally apply (see 12.3), these rules apply also in the private part of an instance of a generic unit. 
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Within the body of a generic unit, or the body of any of its descendant library units, a tagged type shall not be declared as a descendant of a formal type declared within the formal part of the generic unit.

Static Semantics

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 A record extension is a null extension if its declaration has no known_discriminant_part and its record_extension_part includes no component_declarations.

Dynamic Semantics

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The elaboration of a record_extension_part consists of the elaboration of the record_definition.
NOTES
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68  The term “type extension” refers to a type as a whole. The term “extension part” refers to the piece of text that defines the additional components (if any) the type extension has relative to its specified ancestor type. 
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69  When an extension is declared immediately within a body, primitive subprograms are inherited and are overridable, but new primitive subprograms cannot be added.
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70  A name that denotes a component (including a discriminant) of the parent type is not allowed within the record_extension_part. Similarly, a name that denotes a component defined within the record_extension_part is not allowed within the record_extension_part. It is permissible to use a name that denotes a discriminant of the record extension, providing there is a new known_discriminant_part in the enclosing type declaration. (The full rule is given in 3.8.)
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71  Each visible component of a record extension has to have a unique name, whether the component is (visibly) inherited from the parent type or declared in the record_extension_part (see 8.3). 

Examples

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Examples of record extensions (of types defined above in 3.9):
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type Painted_Point is new Point with
  record
    Paint : Color := White;
  end record;
    -- Components X and Y are inherited
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Origin : constant Painted_Point := (X | Y => 0.0, Paint => Black);
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type Literal is new Expression with
  record                 -- a leaf in an Expression tree
    Value : Real;
  end record;
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type Expr_Ptr is access all Expression'Class;
                               -- see 3.10
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type Binary_Operation is new Expression with
  record                 -- an internal node in an Expression tree
    Left, Right : Expr_Ptr;
  end record;
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type Addition is new Binary_Operation with null record;
type Subtraction is new Binary_Operation with null record;
  -- No additional components needed for these extensions
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Tree : Expr_Ptr :=         -- A tree representation of “5.0 + (13.0–7.0)”
   new Addition'(
      Left  => new Literal'(Value => 5.0),
      Right => new Subtraction'(
         Left  => new Literal'(Value => 13.0),
         Right => new Literal'(Value => 7.0)));
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